The Ajurrumiyyah

10

The raised nouns

باب مرفوعات الأسماء

The matn lists the chairs that are raised: the doer (fa'il), the stand-in of the doer (when the verb is unknown), the subject and the predicate of a noun sentence (mubtada and khabar), the noun of kana and her sisters, the predicate of inna and her sisters, and the follower of a raised noun (adjective, confirming word, substitute, coupled noun).

Two sentences in Arabic. A verb sentence: verb then doer — كَتَبَ زَيْدٌ. A noun sentence: subject then predicate — زَيْدٌ كَاتِبٌ. Both doers and subjects are raised.

  1. فاعل

    Fa'il

    The one who did the verb. After the verb. Raised.

  2. مبتدأ

    Mubtada

    What you start the noun sentence with. Raised.

  3. خبر

    Khabar

    What you say about it. Raised — unless a sister of kana or inna moved the chairs.

Quran

112:1

قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ — huwa is the subject (a pronoun, built). Allahu is the first predicate, raised. Ahadun is a second predicate, raised with tanwin.

Kana flips: her noun stays raised, her predicate becomes installed. Inna flips the other way: her noun is installed, her predicate stays raised. Memorise the flip.